The DBMS must use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.

Overview

Finding ID	Version	Rule ID	IA Controls	Severity
V-52255	O112-C2-012900	SV-66471r4_rule		Medium

Description
Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: (i) Something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN); (ii) Something a user has (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); or (iii) Something a user is (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Network access is defined as access to an information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, Internet). The lack of multifactor authentication makes it much easier for an attacker to gain unauthorized access to a system.

Description

Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: (i) Something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN); (ii) Something a user has (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); or (iii) Something a user is (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Network access is defined as access to an information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, Internet). The lack of multifactor authentication makes it much easier for an attacker to gain unauthorized access to a system.

STIG	Date
Oracle Database 11.2g Security Technical Implementation Guide	2018-06-25

Details

Check Text ( C-54311r12_chk )
Review DBMS settings, OS settings, and/or enterprise-level authentication/access mechanism settings to determine whether users logging into privileged accounts via a network are required to use multifactor authentication. If users logging into privileged accounts via a network are not required to use multifactor authentication, this is a finding. Use authentication to prove the identities of users who are attempting to log into the database. Authenticating user identity is imperative in distributed environments, without which there can be little confidence in network security. Passwords are the most common means of authentication. Oracle Database enables strong authentication with Oracle authentication adapters that support various third-party authentication services, including TLS with digital certificates, as well as Smart Cards (CAC, PIV). If the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora contains entries similar to the following, TLS is enabled. (Note: This assumes that a single sqlnet.ora file, in the default location, is in use. Please see the supplemental file "Non-default sqlnet.ora configurations.pdf" for how to find multiple and/or differently located sqlnet.ora files.) SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (BEQ, TCPS) SSL_VERSION = 1.0 SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE WALLET_LOCATION = (SOURCE = (METHOD = FILE) (METHOD_DATA = (DIRECTORY = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/owm/wallets) ) ) SSL_CIPHER_SUITES= () ADR_BASE = /u01/app/oracle

Check Text ( C-54311r12_chk )

Review DBMS settings, OS settings, and/or enterprise-level authentication/access mechanism settings to determine whether users logging into privileged accounts via a network are required to use multifactor authentication. If users logging into privileged accounts via a network are not required to use multifactor authentication, this is a finding.

Use authentication to prove the identities of users who are attempting to log into the database. Authenticating user identity is imperative in distributed environments, without which there can be little confidence in network security. Passwords are the most common means of authentication. Oracle Database enables strong authentication with Oracle authentication adapters that support various third-party authentication services, including TLS with digital certificates, as well as Smart Cards (CAC, PIV).

If the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora contains entries similar to the following, TLS is enabled. (Note: This assumes that a single sqlnet.ora file, in the default location, is in use. Please see the supplemental file "Non-default sqlnet.ora configurations.pdf" for how to find multiple and/or differently located sqlnet.ora files.)

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (BEQ, TCPS)
SSL_VERSION = 1.0
SSL_CLIENT_AUTHENTICATION = TRUE
WALLET_LOCATION =
(SOURCE =
(METHOD = FILE)
(METHOD_DATA =
(DIRECTORY = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/owm/wallets)
)
)

SSL_CIPHER_SUITES= ()
ADR_BASE = /u01/app/oracle

Fix Text (F-57071r3_fix)
Configure DBMS, OS and/or enterprise-level authentication/access mechanism to require multifactor authentication for network users logging into privileged accounts. If appropriate, enable support for Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols and multifactor authentication through the use of Smart Cards (CAC/PIV).